Syria Conflict Enters 3rd Year, EU Mulls Arming Rebels
Syria's devastating conflict entered its third year on Friday with EU leaders frustrated over the failure of diplomacy to end the bloodshed pressing to arm rebels despite Russia's objections.
The Syrian Revolution 2011 Facebook page, a key driving force behind the uprising, has called on people to take to the streets after the main weekly Muslim prayers under the rallying cry "Two years of sacrifice towards victory".
The conflict erupted on March 15, 2011 when protesters inspired by Arab world uprisings took to the streets of cities and towns across Syria for unprecedented demonstrations to call for democratic change.
Despite the demonstrators being unarmed, peaceful and made up of many women and children, forces of President Bashar Assad unleashed a brutal crackdown, opening fire on them, prompting an ever-growing number to take up arms.
Two years on, Syria is mired in a devastating civil war that has killed at least 70,000 people, forced a million to flee with millions more missing or displaced and created an economic and humanitarian disaster.
Rebels have seized large swathes of territory, but growing tensions between liberals and moderate Muslims on the one hand, and powerful Islamists on the other, have raised fears of a collapse into a new sectarian bloodbath.
In power for 40 years, the Assad clan believed it could quell the revolt, just as Bashar's father and predecessor Hafez did in 1982, when he crushed a Muslim Brotherhood uprising in Hama, killing between 10,000 and 40,000 people.
The military has formidable firepower, and clashes with outgunned armed rebels have reduced many cities to rubble.
Britain and France have announced moves to begin addressing that imbalance by lifting an arms embargo on Syria, and the issue is expected to come up again Friday at the second and final day of an EU summit in Brussels.
"Our goal is to convince our partners at the end of May, and if possible before.... If by chance there is a blockage by one or two countries, then France will take its responsibilities," French President Francois Hollande said on Thursday.
"Political solutions have now failed (in Syria), despite every pressure.
"We must go further because for two years there has been a clear willingness by (Syrian President) Bashar Assad to use every means to hit at his own people," Hollande added.
Syria's main opposition bloc, the National Coalition, welcomed France's initiative as "a step in the right direction".
Assad's government, like its key foreign ally Russia, said any such arms shipments would be a "flagrant violation" of international law.
The United States may look favorably on the French and British moves to give more aid to rebels, the State Department said, without explicitly backing armed support.
"We're obviously not going to get in the middle of their internal discussions, but we certainly want to see as many governments as possible provide appropriate support to the Syrian opposition coalition," said State Department spokeswoman Victoria Nuland.
However, Berlin is known to be cool to the idea and on Thursday German Chancellor Angela Merkel said the EU needed to "proceed very cautiously" on lifting the embargo.
Violence across Syria killed 141 people on Thursday, among them 49 rebel fighters, 47 regime soldiers and 45 civilians, according to an updated toll from the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights.
Source: Agence France Presse
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