Assad 'Part of the Solution' in Syria, Says U.N. Envoy

Any resolution to the fighting in Syria must involve President Bashar Assad, the United Nations envoy to Syria Staffan de Mistura said Friday in the first such acknowledgment by the U.N.

"President Assad is part of the solution," de Mistura told a joint press conference with Austrian Foreign Minister Sebastian Kurz in Vienna. 

"I will continue to have very important discussions with him," he added, noting that "the only solution is a political solution."

This was the first time a U.N. envoy on Syria has explicitly named Assad as part of a peaceful solution after nearly four years of fighting between government forces and rebels seeking his overthrow.

De Mistura's remarks drew condemnation from the key opposition National Coalition as well as from activists on the ground in Syria.

"I think De Mistura is fooling himself if he thinks that Assad is part of the solution," coalition member Samir Nashar told Agence France-Presse by telephone from Istanbul.

"Assad is the problem, not part of the solution," he insisted.

De Mistura, who was in Damascus this week to meet Assad, is due to deliver a report on his mission to the U.N. Security Council on February 17.

If no solution to the conflict is found, "the only one who takes advantage of it is ISIS Daesh," de Mistura said, using another name to refer to the jihadist Islamic State group that has seized swathes of Syria and Iraq.

The group is a "monster waiting for this conflict to take place in order to be able to take advantage," he said.

But Nashar disagreed, saying: "If Assad was really interested in fighting Daesh, he would have sent his troops to Raqa rather than to Douma."

Raqa is the self-proclaimed capital of the jihadists in northern Syria, while Douma is a rebel bastion in the Eastern Ghouta area east of Damascus under a suffocating regime siege for more than a year.

More than 183 people have been killed in near daily bombardment of Douma over the past few weeks, according to the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, which said 29 children were among the dead.

- 'Mass killing in Douma' -

"It appears de Mistura hasn't heard about the mass killing in Douma," said Nashar.

An activist from Douma, who identified himself as Mohammed Salaheddin, also dismissed the U.N. envoy's assessment.

"Assad can only contribute to a political solution by ordering his army to stop its arbitrary shelling of civilians and by... lifting the siege on Eastern Ghouta," he told Agence France-Presse via Skype. 

The activist said Assad should then "give up the position in whose name he destroyed Syria."

In Vienna, Kurz agreed that "in the fight against IS it can be necessary to fight on the same side" but insisted that "Assad will never be a friend or even a partner."

Later on Friday, the Syrian opposition's U.N. envoy said the U.S.-led war against jihadists in Syria will fail unless world powers get serious about the proposed peace plan,

"We welcome the coalition but we need to have a comprehensive strategy to address the underlying cause: Assad and Assad's brutality," said Najib Ghadbian, the Syrian National Coalition's representative to the United Nations.

"The war on ISIL will not succeed until the Security Council takes a comprehensive action," said Ghadbian, referring to the Islamic State group which now holds large parts of Syria and Iraq.

De Mistura should present his findings at the Security Council and "clearly say who is responsible" for the failed diplomatic effort, he added.

Syria's opposition and the regime agreed in 2012 to the Geneva communique, which calls for a political transition to end the violence, but there has been disagreement on Assad's role in the transition.

Ghadbian admitted that Assad had shown staying power, but was becoming increasingly reliant on Iran and Hizbullah to supply him with fighters, and on Russia to buffer him from international pressure.

"His forces are shrinking and there is more dependence on foreign elements," he said.

Rights groups have accused Syrian government troops of indiscriminate bombardment of civilians in rebel-held areas, including with so-called barrel bombs.

In an interview broadcast this week by the BBC, Assad denied his forces were using the crude, unguided munitions that have been blamed for the deaths of thousands of civilians.

He also complained that in the fight against IS, "there is no dialogue" with the U.S.-led coalition, which began air strikes against the jihadists in September.

"There's, let's say, information, but not dialogue," the embattled leader said.

In a poll on Thursday, 53 percent of residents in opposition-held areas of Syria's second city of Aleppo -- which has seen some of the country's worst violence since July 2012 -- said they favored de Mistura's October proposal of a "freeze" in fighting. 

But a great majority also said they were skeptical that a truce would hold.

Syria's war began in March 2011 as a peaceful movement demanding democratic change. It later morphed into a brutal civil war after Assad's regime unleashed a crackdown on dissent.

More than 210,000 people have killed in the conflict and around half of the country's population has been displaced.

Several rounds of talks have ended without concrete results.